Delhi-NCR is seeing a surge in flu-like illnesses, and the main reason behind the rise is the H3N2 virus, a subtype of Influenza A. A new LocalCircles survey reveals that nearly 7 in 10 households across Delhi, Gurugram, Noida, Faridabad, and Ghaziabad have at least one member battling symptoms of viral fever, flu, or even Covid-like illness. The numbers show a worrying jump from March this year, when 54 per cent of households reported similar issues, to 69 per cent now. With over 11,000 residents participating in the survey, the findings reflect just how widespread the problem has become.
But what makes this virus so persistent? And how can people protect themselves? The Financial Express spoke to Dr Nikhil Modi, Senior Consultant, Respiratory and Critical Care, Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals who shares his insights on H3N2 virus.
What is H3N2?
H3N2 is a type of Influenza A virus that causes seasonal flu outbreaks. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), it mutates frequently, making it harder to predict and manage than other flu strains. The virus spreads mainly through respiratory droplets, which means it can travel when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or even talks. It can also survive on surfaces for a short time, so touching contaminated surfaces and then your face can spread the infection.
Health authorities, including the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), warn that H3N2 can be particularly dangerous for young children, elderly people, pregnant women, and those with weakened immune systems. In these groups, the virus can lead to complications such as pneumonia, bronchitis, or hospitalisation.
Common symptoms of H3N2
According to Dr. Modi, people infected with H3N2 typically experience high fever, persistent cough, sore throat, body aches, headaches, fatigue, and nasal congestion. In children, gastrointestinal symptoms like nausea or diarrhea can also appear. “Many patients report that even after the fever goes away, fatigue and cough can linger for a week or more,” he adds.
How does the H3N2 virus spread?
H3N2 spreads mainly through close contact with infected individuals. Environmental factors, like the prolonged monsoon in North India, contribute to outbreaks. Dr. Modi explains, “Low vaccination coverage, crowded living conditions, poor ventilation, and improper hygiene all make it easier for the virus to spread rapidly in communities.”
Who is most at risk of H3N2?
While anyone can get H3N2, certain groups are particularly vulnerable. These include children under five, adults over 65, pregnant women, and people with chronic conditions such as asthma, diabetes, or heart disease. People living in communal environments, like hostels or care homes, are also more likely to get the virus.
“High-risk individuals should be extra cautious. If symptoms worsen or do not improve, medical attention should be sought immediately,” advises Dr. Modi.
What to eat during the H3N2 virus?
Diet plays an important role in recovery. Dr. Modi recommends a light and easily digestible diet. “Hydration is key, drink plenty of water, broths, or herbal teas. Include fruits rich in vitamin C like oranges or amla, leafy greens, turmeric, ginger, and probiotic-rich yogurt to support immunity,” he says. He also advises avoiding greasy foods and excessive sugar until recovery is complete.
How to stay safe from H3N2?
Preventing the spread of H3N2 requires simple but effective measures. Frequent handwashing, wearing masks in crowded spaces, keeping distance from people with flu-like symptoms, and maintaining good indoor ventilation are crucial. Vaccination, when medically advised, can provide significant protection.
“Disinfecting commonly touched surfaces and staying home when symptomatic is important, not just for your health, but for your community,” says Dr. Modi.
How long does it take to recover from H3N2?
For healthy adults, the H3N2 flu usually lasts about a week with rest, hydration, and over-the-counter medications for fever, cough, or body aches. However, high-risk groups may require hospitalisation.
“Antiviral medications, if started within 48 hours of symptom onset, can prevent serious complications and speed recovery,” explains Dr. Modi. “Early intervention is critical for children, older adults, and patients with chronic conditions.”
The current H3N2 surge underscores the importance of awareness and preventive action. While seasonal flu is often underestimated, H3N2 can cause serious illness and strain healthcare systems if left unchecked.
“Public awareness, timely medical care, proper nutrition, vaccination, and hygiene are the best tools we have to combat this outbreak,” Dr. Modi explains. “Communities that adopt these measures see lower infection rates and faster recovery.”