Nobel Peace Prize 2025 Live Updates: ‘Oh my god… I have no words’, moment when Maria Corina Machado was informed about peace prize victory – Watch

The Nobel Prize in medicine was awarded to three scientists for their work on the immune system. Mary E. Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell and Dr. Shimon Sakaguchi uncovered a key pathway the body uses to keep the immune system in check, viewed as critical to understanding autoimmune diseases such as Type 1 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis and lupus.In separate projects, the trio identified the importance of what are now called regulatory T cells.

The Nobel Prize in physics was awarded to another trio of scientists for their research on the “weirdness” of subatomic particles called quantum tunneling. That has enabled the ultrasensitive measurements achieved by MRI machines and laid the groundwork for better cellphones and faster computers. The work by John Clarke, Michel H. Devoret and John M. Martinis took the seeming contradictions of the subatomic world — where light can be both a wave and a particle and parts of atoms can tunnel through seemingly impenetrable barriers — and applied them in the more traditional physics of digital devices.

Another scientific trio won the Nobel Prize in chemistry for their development of new molecular structures that can trap vast quantities of gas inside. Experts say the work lays the groundwork to potentially suck greenhouse gases out of the atmosphere or harvest moisture from desert environments.

Hungarian writer László Krasznahorkai won the Nobel Prize in literature Thursday for work the judges said upholds the power of art in the midst of “apocalyptic terror.” His surreal and anarchic novels combine a bleak world view with mordant humor,Krasznahorkai, 71, has since written more than 20 books, including “The Melancholy of Resistance,” a surreal, disturbing tale involving a traveling circus and a stuffed whale, and “Baron Wenckheim’s Homecoming,” the sprawling saga of a gambling-addicted aristocrat.

Maria Carino Machado of Venezuela won the Nobel Peace Prize, and was lauded for being a “key, unifying figure in a political opposition that was once deeply divided. "Machado was set to run against President Nicolás Maduro last year, but the government disqualified her. The lead-up to the election saw widespread repression, including disqualifications, arrests and human rights violations.Machado went into hiding and hasn't been seen in public since January, and as a result it's unclear whether she will attend the awards ceremony in Stockholm in December.

Maria Machado, a 58-year-old industrial engineer, was blocked in 2024 by Venezuela's courts from running for president and thus challenging President Nicolas Maduro, who has been in power since 2013.

The United Nations human rights office on Friday congratulated Nobel Peace Prize winner Maria Corina Machado.

"This recognition reflects the clear aspirations of the people of Venezuela for free and fair elections, for civil and political rights and for the rule of law," said OHCHR spokesperson Thameen al-Kheetan.

US President Trump did not get the Nobel peace prize. But by choosing Machado, but the committee has picked a political figure who has praised him.

In public comments, Machado once thanked Trump for his “commitment to freedom and democracy in Venezuela”.

While announcing the name of Maria Corina Machado, Jørgen Watne Frydnes, the chair of the Norwegian Nobel Committee said:

"Ahead of the election of 2024, Ms Machado was the opposition’s presidential candidate, but the regime blocked her candidacy. She then backed the representative of a different party, Edmundo Gonzalez Urrutia, in the election. Hundreds of thousands of volunteers mobilised across political divides. They were trained as election observers to ensure a transparent and fair election. Despite the risk of harassment, arrest and torture, citizens across the country held watch over the polling stations," he said.

According to the statutes of the Nobel Foundation, a nomination for the Nobel Peace Prize is considered valid if it is submitted by a person who falls within one of the following categories, a personal application for an award will not be considered:

Members of national assemblies and national governments (cabinet members/ministers) of sovereign states as well as current heads of state

Members of The International Court of Justice in The Hague and The Permanent Court of Arbitration in The Hague

Members of l’Institut de Droit International

Members of the International Board of the Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom

University professors, professors emeriti and associate professors of history, social sciences, law, philosophy, theology, and religion; university rectors and university directors (or their equivalents); directors of peace research institutes and foreign policy institutes

Persons who have been awarded the Nobel Peace Prize

Members of the main board of directors or its equivalent of organizations that have been awarded the Nobel Peace Prize

Current and former members of the Norwegian Nobel Committee (proposals by current members of the Committee to be submitted no later than at the first meeting of the Committee after 1 February)

Former advisers to the Norwegian Nobel Committee

Wangari Maathai was the first female professor in Kenya and the first African woman to be awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. She founded the Green Belt Movement, which led to the planting of millions of trees, says The Nobel Prize panel.

Except for the Nobel peace prize which is awarded in Oslo, Norway, the rest four prizes are awarded in the Swedish capital, Stockholm.

The Nobel peace prize 2024 was awarded to Nihon Hidankyo, a grassroots movement of Japanese atomic bombing survivors who have worked for decades to maintain a taboo around the use of nuclear weapons.

This year, the Norweign panel received a total of 338 nominations for the Nobel Peace Prize, including 244 individuals and 94 organizations.

The nominations are kept secret for 50 years, as per the rules. However, there are several people who are considered top contenders for this year's Nobel peace prize.

This include: The widow of deceased Russian opposition leader Alexei Navalny, Yulia Navalnaya; Sudan's Emergency Response Rooms for their brave work during civil war in the African nation; both the International Court of Justice (ICJ) and the International Criminal Court (ICC) and United Nations General Secretary Antonio Guterres.

In order to become a Nobel Prize laureate  one must first be nominated for a prize by an eligible nominator. Self-nomination is not allowed. Except for the Nobel Peace Prize, nomination is by invitation only and nominators must fulfil the criteria set out by the awarding institutions.

Eligible nominations are then considered by the prize awarders, who make the final decision as to who will receive a Nobel Prize.

The Nobel prizes are distributed as per the will Alfred Nobel. On November 27, 1895, Alfred Nobel signed his third and last will at the Swedish-Norwegian Club in Paris.

When it was opened and read after his death, the will caused a lot of controversy both in Sweden and internationally, as Nobel had left much of his wealth for the establishment of a prize.

His family opposed the establishment of the Nobel Prize, and the prize awarders he named refused to do what he had requested in his will. But five years later, the first Nobel Prize was awarded in 1901.

US President Donald Trump is eyeing the coveted Nobel peace prize for stopping "seven wars" in his second tenure. While the final decision is with the Norwegian Nobel Committee, a US President getting the Nobel prize won't be a new thing.

Four US Presidents have previously won the Nobel peace prize.

1. Theodore Roosevelt received the prize in 1906 for having negotiated peace in the Russo-Japanese war in 1904-1905.

2. Woodrow Wilson was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1920 (for 1919) "for his role as founder of the League of Nations." This league of nations later evolved to present day United Nations.

3. Former US President Jimmy Carter was given the award "for his decades of untiring effort to find peaceful solutions to international conflicts, to advance democracy and human rights, and to promote economic and social development".

4. Ex-US prez Barack Obama was the latest recipient of the award in 2009 his efforts to strengthen international diplomacy and cooperation between peoples.