Seven initial public offerings (IPOs) in the pipeline will qualify under the Securities & Exchange Board of India’s (SEBI) latest proposal to reduce reservation for retail investors and higher for qualified institutional buyers (QIBs). 

According to data from Prime Database, these companies include LG Electronics’ Rs 15,000 crore have already received the regulator’s approval along with Credila Financial Services and Dorf-Ketal Chemicals India, both raising Rs 5,000 crore.

The companies who are awaiting the market regulator’s nod include, Rs Groww’s parent Billionbrains Garage Ventures (Rs 5,950), Tata Capital (Rs 18,000 crore), ICICI Prudential AMC (Rs 10,200 crore), and Inox Clean Energy (Rs 6,000 crore).

Other big names who are planning to launch their IPOs include the National Stock Exchange and Jio Infocomm. 

SEBI proposes reduced retail share for large IPOs

Last week, a SEBI consultation paper on July 31 had proposed various changes in the IPO structure including discretionary anchor investor allotment and the reservation for institutional and the retail category. It said that for large IPOs above Rs 5,000 crore size, the  allocation  to  the  retail  category  may  be  reduced from the existing 35% to 25% in a graded manner, while the allocation to the QIB category  may  be  increased  from  50%  to  60% (up to  Rs 8,000  crore) in  a  graded manner.

It noted that in QIB there is reservation for MFs in both anchor and non-anchor  portions   which   also   represents   retail   individual   investors   indirectly. Reducing the retail portio and increasing the QIB share better reflects market realities, ensures demand stability, and enhances issuer confidence in volatile or clustered market conditions. 

SEBI’s paper said despite market fluctuations, retail investors have continued to invest in the capital markets through MFs. While direct participation by Retail investors has remained flat over the last 3 years, their participation through MFs has seen a secular uptick, it said and thus,  the lower  allocation  to  the  Retail portion  would  be  compensated  by  the higher reservation for domestic MFs in the QIB portion. 

Shift to QIBs to improve pricing and market confidence

Experts believe that if implemented, this move will help in better price discovery. Vikram Jain, deputy vice president at IDBI Capital Markets and Securities said that this move is aimed at safeguarding retail investors and increasing transparency. This will also help companies to get listed at a fair market price.

The paper said, in case of large  IPOs,  the  size  of  the  Retail  portion  increases  substantially  and  requires significant  retail  participation.  This  is  especially  challenging  in  tepid  or  uncertain markets. Due to global situations and conflicts in different parts of the world, equity markets have been volatile resulting in launch windows becoming narrower. While overflow   of   demand   is   permitted   in   IPOs   from retail   to QIB category, under subscription  has  a  negative  impact  on  the  sentiment  for  the  IPO  and  also creates a negative perception. 

SEBI took into consideration IPO subscription data of sizes more than or equal to Rs 5,000 crore since 2022 and observed that retail  and  NII  subscription  has  remained  muted.  “While conglomerate and popular PSU IPOs like Bajaj Housing Finance, Tata Tech, LIC, Bharti Hexacom etc., saw robust response from retail/ NII, other issuers coming to  the  equity  market  with  large  sized  IPOs  saw  an  under subscription  in  both categories.” it said.

The retail portion of HDB Financial Services’s IPO was only  subscribed 1.5 times, and Hexaware Technologies was only 0.1%.