Arthritis can affect areas we don’t even think possible, like jaw joints, and not just knees. Dr Raju Vaishya, senior consultant, orthopedics and joint replacement surgery, Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, says: “Osteoarthritis can affect the jaw joint, known as the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Like other joints, the TMJ is lined with cartilage that cushions movement.
When this cartilage wears down due to osteoarthritis, the joint can become painful, stiff, and sometimes produce clicking or grinding sounds while opening and closing the mouth. In severe cases, chewing or even speaking may become difficult.”
“Though osteoarthritis commonly affects weight-bearing joints like the knees and hips, it is possible for the jaw joint to develop it, especially with aging or after repeated stress or injury to the joint.”
Is it possible to have arthritis only in jaw joint and not other joints?
Yes, it is possible for arthritis to occur only in the jaw joint, although it is relatively uncommon. Some people may develop osteoarthritis in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) due to factors like jaw injury, chronic teeth grinding, bite problems, or repeated stress on the joint. Unlike systemic forms of arthritis such as rheumatoid arthritis, which typically affect multiple joints, osteoarthritis can sometimes remain localised to one area. This means a person may have arthritis in their jaw without it spreading to other joints. Regular dental check-ups and medical evaluation can help detect this early and prevent worsening symptoms.
Who is at risk?
The risk of jaw osteoarthritis increases with age, as cartilage naturally wears down over time. Women, especially post-menopausal, are more likely to develop it due to hormonal changes affecting joint health. People with a history of jaw injury, dental misalignment, teeth grinding (bruxism), or clenching are at higher risk. Family history of arthritis and those with systemic inflammatory conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, may also develop jaw joint involvement. Repeated strain from poor posture, chewing gum excessively, or jaw-related habits can worsen the risk. Early awareness and protective habits can lower chances of developing jaw arthritis.
How to avoid arthritis?
While arthritis cannot always be completely prevented, steps can be taken to reduce the risk and delay its onset. Maintaining a healthy weight reduces strain on joints, including the jaw. Protecting the jaw from injury, avoiding excessive chewing, and addressing dental misalignments early can help preserve joint health.
Regular physical activity supports overall joint strength and flexibility. A diet rich in calcium, vitamin D, and anti-inflammatory foods like fruits, vegetables, and omega-3 fatty acids helps maintain cartilage and bone health. Stress management and avoiding teeth grinding through dental guards can also protect the jaw joint from unnecessary wear.
Home remedies for jaw osteoarthritis?
Several home remedies can help relieve discomfort from jaw osteoarthritis. Applying warm compresses to the jaw relaxes muscles and reduces stiffness, while cold packs can ease inflammation and swelling. Gentle jaw exercises, guided by a physiotherapist, improve mobility and strengthen surrounding muscles. Eating softer foods helps reduce strain during chewing.
Stress management techniques like meditation or yoga may reduce teeth clenching, a common aggravator. Over-the-counter pain relievers, when advised by a doctor, can provide temporary relief. Using a dental night guard for teeth grinding can also protect the joint. However, persistent or worsening pain should always be medically evaluated.