Aiming to strengthen bilateral defence ties the 12th India-Mongolia Joint Working Group meeting took place in Ulaanbaatar from May 16-17, 2024. Both sides had discussions on ongoing defence cooperation, reviewing progress and identifying areas for further enhancement.
The meeting was co-chaired by Amitabh Prasad of India, Joint Secretary, Indian Ministry of Defence and Brigadier General Gankhuyag Davagdorj of Mongolia. During the discussions the two countries expressed satisfaction with the existing defence cooperation and exchanged views on the current geopolitical situation. The Joint Secretary highlighted the potential of India’s defence industry, stressing a fruitful partnership with Mongolia’s Armed Forces. The Mongolian side also expressed confidence in India’s industry capabilities, acknowledging the growing ties between the two countries.
Additionally, India’s Ambassador to Mongolia, Atul Malhari Gotsurve, and Joint Secretary met with Mongolia’s Deputy Defence Minister to discuss bilateral cooperation issues. They also visited a training establishment in Ulaanbaatar to review ongoing engagements.
Background
India’s historical ties with Mongolia, dating back to 1955, have strengthened over the years. In 1994, both nations signed the Treaty of Friendly Relations and Cooperation, further solidifying their relationship. During Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s visit to Mongolia in 2015, the ties were upgraded to a strategic partnership, with defence being an essential element of bilateral engagement.
Oil Diplomacy
As reported previously, the India-funded greenfield oil refinery project in South Gobi aims to reduce Mongolia’s reliance on Russian oil imports. Earlier this year, Mongolia’s ambassador to India Dambajav Ganbold has said the India-funded greenfield oil refinery project in South Gobi is on track and will be operational by 2026. The refinery, with a capacity of 1.5 million tonnes annually, will meet Mongolia’s demand for various fuels.
Expected Visits
Mongolia anticipates a visit by the Indian Prime Minister in 2025, coinciding with the 70th anniversary of diplomatic relations. The President of Mongolia is also expected to visit India later this year.
The proposed refinery, funded by India’s Exim Bank, aims to usher in an era of energy independence in Mongolia. It will use sweet crude from Mongolian oil fields to produce various fuels compliant with international specifications. Engineers India Ltd (EIL) has been appointed as the Project Management Consultant for the refinery project.
The project represents a significant milestone in the relationship between India and Mongolia, enriching economic activities and boosting Mongolia’s economy.
Spiritual Neighbours
Both countries share historical, cultural, and civilizational ties, holding each other in high regard as “Spiritual Neighbours.” These values of democracy, freedom, and market economy further strengthen their bond in modern times.