Just days away from a European deadline, Iran said Friday its foreign minister would hold a telephone conference call with his French, German and British counterparts to avoid the reimposition of United Nations sanctions over Tehran’s nuclear programme.
The call, planned for Friday by Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi according to Iran’s state-run IRNA news agency, comes as the three parties to Tehran’s 2015 nuclear deal threaten to reimpose those sanctions under a mechanism known as “snapback” in the accord.
The European Union’s chief diplomat will also join the call, IRNA said.
Why are European leaders concerned with Iran’s nuclear programme?
The Europeans’ concern over the Iranian programme, which had been enriching uranium to near weapons-grade levels before the 12-day Iran-Israel war in June, saw its atomic sites bombed, and has only grown since Tehran cut off all cooperation with the International Atomic Energy Agency in the conflict’s wake.
That has left the international community further blinded to Iran’s programme — as well as the status of its stockpile of uranium enriched to 60 per cent purity, a short, technical step to weapons-grade levels of 90 per cent.
Iran has long insisted its programme is peaceful, though it is the only non-nuclear-armed nation enriching uranium at that level. The US, the IAEA and others assess that Iran had a nuclear weapons programme up until 2003.
When is the deadline?
In a letter dated August 8, the three European nations warned Iran it would proceed with “snapback” if Tehran didn’t reach a “satisfactory solution” to the nuclear issues.
That deadline would be August 31, in nine days, leaving little time for Iran to likely reach any agreement with the Europeans, who have grown increasingly sceptical of Iran over the years of inconclusive negotiations over its nuclear programme.
Restoring the IAEA’s access is a key part of the talks. Iran has blamed the war with Israel in part on the IAEA, the UN’s nuclear watchdog, without offering any evidence.
The IAEA issues quarterly reports on Iran’s programme, and the 2015 deal gave it greater access to keep track of it.
Iran has also threatened its director-general, Rafael Mariano Grossi, with arrest if he comes to Iran, further complicating talks. Grossi is considering running to become the UN’s secretary-general, something Tehran has seized on as well in its criticisms of the Argentine diplomat.
The “snapback” power in the nuclear accord expires in October, also putting pressure on the Europeans to potentially use it as leverage with Iran before losing that ability. Under “snapback,” any party to the deal can find Iran in noncompliance, reimposing the sanctions.
After it expires, any sanctions effort could face a veto from UN Security Council members China and Russia, two nations that have provided some support to Iran in the past but stayed out of the June war.