By Lt Col Manoj K Channan, Veteran
The Siachen Glacier, perched atop the eastern Karakoram Range in the Himalayas, is not just any battlefield. Spanning 76 kilometres, it is the world’s highest battlefield. However, the extreme conditions, rather than enemy fire, often pose the gravest danger to the troops stationed here. Consequently, it has been dubbed “The Silent Killer.”
The Price of Valour
The poignant loss of soldiers, such as Agniveer Gawate Akshay Laxman, underscores the magnitude of sacrifices made by military personnel to ensure their nation’s security. Nevertheless, the true essence of these sacrifices can sometimes be overshadowed by political controversies, diminishing the recognition these brave souls rightfully deserve.
Unified Recognition. The nation, irrespective of political differences, should unite in acknowledging the sacrifice of its soldiers.
Avoiding Politicization. Exploiting soldierly deaths for political agendas or public debates on compensation for bereaved families is inappropriate.
Ensuring Welfare. The onus lies with the armed forces and government to ensure the well-being of fallen soldiers’ families.
Role of Media. The media must refrain from bias and sensationalism to maintain the sanctity of soldierly sacrifices.
Public Sentiment. Leaders should respect public sentiments that regard the armed forces highly.
Constructive Engagement. Concerns about treating fallen soldiers and their families should be addressed collaboratively.
Training for the Ultimate Challenge
Pre-induction training for soldiers slated to be deployed at the Siachen Glacier is rigorous, intensive, and specifically designed to prepare them for the unique challenges posed by the highest battlefield in the world. This training aims to equip soldiers mentally and physically to survive and operate effectively in the extreme conditions of the glacier.
High Altitude Warfare School (HAWS). Indian soldiers undergo specialised mountain and winter training at high-altitude warfare schools. For instance, the Indian Army’s High Altitude Warfare School is in Gulmarg, Jammu and Kashmir. Here, soldiers are trained in mountain warfare and survival techniques in snowy terrains.
Acclimatisation. Before deployment to Siachen, soldiers are acclimatised in stages. They spend time at varying altitudes to help their bodies adjust to low oxygen levels and reduce the risk of altitude sickness.
Physical Training. Physical conditioning is paramount, given the strenuous nature of operations at such high altitudes. Soldiers undergo rigorous physical training, including long treks with heavy loads, mountain climbing, and other endurance exercises.
Technical Training. Soldiers learn the technical skills required for movement and survival in glacial environments. This includes training on how to use specialised equipment like ice axes, crampons, and snow boots. They also practice crevasse rescue techniques and erecting tents on snow.
Medical Training. Every soldier is trained in basic first aid, emphasising cold injuries like frostbite and hypothermia. They are also educated about the symptoms and immediate responses to altitude-related illnesses like Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS), High Altitude Pulmonary Edema (HAPE), and high-altitude cerebral Edema (HACE).
Survival Training. Given the unpredictable nature of the glacier, soldiers are trained in survival techniques in case they get stranded. This includes building snow shelters, signalling for help, and sourcing water.
Weaponry and Combat Training. Soldiers receive specialised training on the use of weapons in cold conditions. Weapons often jam in extreme cold, and soldiers are trained to handle and rectify such issues.
Psychological Conditioning. Apart from physical challenges, Siachen’s isolation and harsh environment can be mentally taxing. Soldiers receive psychological counselling and are trained to cope with the mental pressures of serving in such a challenging environment.
Logistics and Communication. Efficient communication is vital for survival in Siachen. Soldiers are trained to use specialised communication equipment suited for the glacial environment.
Environmental Conservation. Recently, there has been an emphasis on preserving the fragile ecosystem of the glacier. Soldiers are educated about the environmental importance of the region and the need to minimise the ecological footprint.
Once the pre-induction training is complete, soldiers are gradually introduced to the glacier environment, starting with lower altitude areas and moving up in stages. This phased introduction ensures they are fully acclimatised and prepared for the demands of Siachen.
Siachen’s Relentless Challenges
Low oxygen levels due to extreme altitudes.
Sub-zero temperatures inducing cold-related ailments.
Threat of hidden crevasses and avalanches.
The remoteness of the location exacerbated medical emergencies.
Harsh day-to-day living conditions and limited resources.
Psychological stresses from isolation and constant threats.
Remarkably, the Siachen conflict, primarily between India and Pakistan since 1984, has seen more casualties from environmental hazards than combat.
Sacrifices and Their Political Misuse
The sacrifice of soldiers is not just a personal loss but a national tragedy. While nations honour their fallen through ceremonies and monuments, it is essential to recognise the line between honouring and exploiting these sacrifices. Politicians must tread carefully, avoiding using military sacrifices as mere tools for political gain, propaganda, or diverting public attention. Misappropriation of these memories can erode public trust and be deemed disrespectful.
Conclusion
The Siachen Glacier is a testament to the profound length’s nations will go to preserve their territorial rights, even when facing staggering human and financial costs. The focal point should always be to honour those who have paid the ultimate price for their nation. For a democracy to flourish, it requires an informed and discerning citizenry capable of distinguishing genuine military respect from potential political manipulation. An unbiased media, too, holds a pivotal role in ensuring the accurate portrayal of such issues.
The author is an Indian Army Veteran.
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