When we think of cataract, the first thought that often comes to mind is of an elderly person struggling with cloudy vision. While it’s true that age-related cataracts are common after the age of 60, but doctors now warn that the condition can appear much earlier—even in people in their 20s or 30s. In fact, there’s no such thing as being “too young” for cataracts. Yes, you read that right! We got in touch with an eye specialist who debunk common myths on cataracts.
“Cataracts are often misunderstood as a problem only affecting the elderly, but we regularly see younger patients with early-onset cataracts caused by lifestyle, health conditions, or even genetics,” says Dr. Nihaal Ahmed F D, Head – Clinical Services, Hennur, MBBS, MS – Ophthalmology, Cornea and Refractive surgeon, Dr Agarwal’s Eye Hospital, Bengaluru.
Myth 1: Cataract only affects the elderly
Fact: While age is a major risk factor, it’s not the only one. Cataract can occur at any age—including at birth (congenital cataracts) or in young adulthood. “Children can develop cataract due to inherited conditions, infections during pregnancy, or metabolic disorders. These require early detection and treatment to prevent long-term vision issues like amblyopia,” explains Dr. Nihaal.
Myth 2: Ageing is the only cause of cataracts
Apart from age, several other medical and lifestyle factors can trigger cataract formation:
- Diabetes: High blood sugar can alter the lens of the eye, accelerating cataract development.
- Steroid Use: Prolonged use of corticosteroids—for asthma, arthritis, or allergies—can lead to early cataract.
- Eye Injuries or Surgery: Trauma to the eye or complications from previous surgeries can result in lens clouding.
- Genetic and Metabolic Disorders: Conditions like Down syndrome or autoimmune diseases can cause cataract in childhood.
- Radiation and UV Exposure: Cancer therapy or excessive sun exposure without protection may also contribute.
Myth 3: Cataract surgery is only for senior patients
Due to advances in medical technology, cataract surgery today is safe, fast, and effective—even for younger patients. “There is no minimum age for cataract surgery. If vision is significantly impaired, delaying surgery can harm eye health, especially in children where it can lead to permanent lazy eye,” says Dr. Nihaal.
The procedure involves replacing the cloudy natural lens with an artificial intraocular lens (IOL), restoring clear vision often within a few days.
Myth 4: Young people don’t need regular eye check-ups
“Cataract in the early stages often develop without any noticeable symptoms. That’s why routine eye exams are crucial—especially for children with visual complaints or adults with known risk factors,” advises Dr. Nihaal.
He urges parents to be observant. If your child squints, avoids reading or tilts their head while looking at objects, it may be a sign of vision issues. Similarly, young adults who experience blurry vision, halos around lights, or difficulty driving at night should get a check-up without delay.
Why are cataract cases increasing in the younger generation?
A 2024 study titled “Association Between Sedentary Occupations and Risk of Cataract: A Population-Based Analysis” by Wang et al., published in the journal Frontiers in Public Health, found that people in high screen-time jobs had a 5 per cent higher risk of cataracts. Hence, more screen time, rising diabetes, and regular use of steroids are making cataracts more common in younger people. But the good news is that timely detection and treatment can fully restore vision.
“Cataracts are treatable at any age. What matters most is recognising the signs and not brushing them off due to age-related misconceptions,” says Dr. Nihaal.
If you or your child are experiencing vision changes, don’t wait. You’re never too young for cataract and other vision problems.
