The ongoing Russia-Ukraine conflict has profoundly illustrated the complexity and integration of modern warfare. Vice Chief of the Air Staff, Air Marshal A P Singh, emphasized the significance of this integration in a recent address at a CAPS seminar, highlighting the necessity for nations to remain agile, innovative, and self-reliant in their defence strategies.

The Multi-Domain Battlespace

Air Marshal Singh pointed out that the Russia-Ukraine conflict exemplifies a modern multi-domain battlespace. This type of warfare integrates forces across air, land, sea, cyber, information, and space domains, working cohesively to achieve strategic objectives. This integration is not merely a tactical advantage but a crucial element for success in contemporary conflicts. The air domain, in particular, has emerged as a critical trans-domain link, acting as a force multiplier and enabling cross-domain applications of force.

Technological Advancements in Defence

Technological advancements play a pivotal role in modern warfare. Singh highlighted those innovations, once considered unthinkable, are now realities that have significantly impacted defence systems and strategies. The rapid pace of technological development in civilian life has seamlessly infused itself into military weaponry and defence systems. This transformation demands that armed forces stay ahead of the curve by continuously modernizing, innovating, and adapting to new realities.

Lessons from Global Conflicts

Singh also drew parallels with other ongoing conflicts, such as the Israel-Hamas war, to underscore the importance of the air domain in urban warfare. The use of precision weapons, advanced air defence systems like the Iron Dome, and low-cost rockets by Hamas exemplify the diverse applications and challenges in modern air warfare. These examples reiterate the need for optimal and innovative utilization of available resources while continuously improving defence systems through upgrades or new procurements.

The Imperative of Self-Reliance

A recurring theme in Singh’s address was the concept of ‘Atmanirbharata’ (self-reliance). He underlined that self-reliance is not just a buzzword but a strategic necessity. Relying on external agencies for critical defence technologies and weapons poses a significant risk, especially if those alliances change or the flow of weapons is disrupted. Developing and manufacturing these technologies within the country ensures strategic autonomy and preparedness in times of conflict.

Strengthening Domestic Capabilities

Singh highlighted the crucial role of the Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), public sector undertakings (DPSUs), and private industries in bolstering India’s defence capabilities. He stressed that while self-reliance is essential, it should not come at the cost of national defence. The armed forces require robust support from all stakeholders to ensure they have the necessary systems and weaponry to survive and thrive in today’s complex security environment.

Addressing the Equipment Gap

One of the significant challenges highlighted by Singh is the current rate of equipment acquisition, which he deemed insufficient. Compared to the rapid technological advancements and military expansions of adversaries, India faces a widening gap. Addressing this gap requires a concerted effort to accelerate the acquisition and integration of modern technologies into the defence forces.

Future-Proofing the Air Force

Looking ahead, the Indian Air Force (IAF) is taking proactive steps to future-proof its capabilities. Singh mentioned the operationalization of a dedicated Weapon Systems (WS) Branch within the IAF, which includes a sub-branch focused on surface-to-air guided weapons. This strategic move aims to enhance the IAF’s readiness and effectiveness in modern warfare scenarios.

The Role of National Defence

Singh concluded by reinforcing the idea that national defence is a collective responsibility, extending beyond the armed forces to involve all sectors of society. Ensuring the nation’s defence capabilities require a unified approach where every stakeholder, from government agencies to private industries, plays a crucial role. By working together, India can build a resilient and self-reliant defence ecosystem capable of meeting the challenges of modern warfare.