There are many new cosmetic procedures for hair loss and baldness. But what are their pros and cons? Dr DM Mahajan, senior consultant, dermatology, Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, says: “New cosmetic procedures for hair loss and baldness include platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy, stem cell treatments, and advanced hair transplantation techniques like follicular unit extraction (FUE). PRP involves injecting a concentrated solution of the patient’s own platelets into the scalp to stimulate hair growth. Stem cell therapy uses regenerative cells to promote follicle function. FUE is a minimally invasive transplant method that harvests individual follicles for more natural-looking results.” He says pros include potentially effective regrowth, natural-looking outcomes, and minimal scarring. Cons may include high costs, multiple sessions required, and varying degrees of efficacy among patients. These procedures generally address androgenetic alopecia (male/female pattern baldness) and some forms of scarring alopecia.
How safe are they?
The safety profile of these procedures is generally favourable when performed by qualified professionals. PRP and stem cell treatments utilise the patient’s own biological materials, reducing risks of rejection or allergic reactions. FUE, being minimally invasive, carries lower risks of complications compared to traditional strip harvesting methods. However, all procedures carry some risks, including infection, scarring, and unsatisfactory aesthetic results. Rare complications can include nerve damage or adverse reactions to anaesthesia.
Long-term safety data for newer treatments like stem cell therapy are still being collected. Patients should undergo thorough pre-procedure screening and follow post-treatment care instructions to minimise risks.
Do oils and any hair masks help hair growth?
Oils and hair masks may provide some benefits for hair health, but their efficacy in promoting significant hair growth is limited and not well-supported by clinical evidence. Some natural oils (coconut, castor) can improve hair moisture content and reduce protein loss, potentially reducing breakage. Certain masks containing ingredients like biotin, keratin, or peptides may temporarily improve hair appearance and strength. However, these topical treatments generally do not address the underlying causes of hair loss, such as hormonal imbalances or genetic factors. While they may contribute to overall scalp and hair health, their direct impact on stimulating new hair growth is minimal. These products are best used as part of a comprehensive hair care routine rather than as primary treatments for hair loss.
Is there any medical treatment on the anvil for hair growth?
Current medical research for hair growth focuses on several promising avenues. Molecular pathways involved in hair follicle cycling and regeneration are being studied, with potential for new drug targets. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) devices show promise in stimulating follicular activity. Ongoing clinical trials are exploring JAK inhibitors for treating alopecia areata, with potential applications for other forms of hair loss. Gene therapy approaches aim to correct underlying genetic causes of hair loss.
Exosome therapy, utilising cell-derived vesicles to deliver growth factors, is under investigation. While these treatments show potential, they are still in various stages of research and development. Regulatory approval and widespread clinical availability may be several years away. Patients should consult with dermatologists or trichologists to stay informed about emerging treatments and their potential applicability to individual cases.