How do people get a slipped disc? Is it a posture issue or related to age? Dr Raju Vaishya, senior consultant, orthopedics and joint replacement surgery, Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, says: “A slipped disc most often develops due to a combination of age-related changes and poor posture habits, rather than posture alone or age exclusively. As people become older, the discs in the spine lose flexibility and can dry out, making them more vulnerable to injury even with minor activities.
Risk is significantly increased by frequent heavy lifting, twisting motions, and prolonged sitting, especially when combined with poor ergonomics. Occupations or activities that place repetitive stress on the back, such as weightlifting or prolonged driving, are also commonly associated. However, genetics and individual susceptibility play a role, explaining why not everyone doing similar activities develops this problem. In summary, both age-related degeneration and unhealthy postural habits together contribute to the risk of developing a slipped disc.”
What exactly happens in a slipped disc?
A slipped disc occurs when the tough outer layer of a spinal disc weakens or tears, allowing the soft, jelly-like inner core to bulge or leak out. This process is called herniation or prolapse, and it can press on nearby nerves, causing symptoms. The spinal discs act like shock absorbers between the bones of the spine, and when the inner material herniates, it can cause back pain, leg pain, numbness, tingling, or muscle weakness, depending on which nerve is affected. Sometimes, it is possible to experience pain radiating down one leg, known as sciatica, when the herniation compresses the nerve root. The severity of symptoms can vary from mild discomfort to debilitating pain, and in some cases, there may be no symptoms at all.
What are preventive measures?
Prevention of slipped disc focuses on maintaining spinal health through regular activity, proper lifting techniques, and healthy lifestyle habits. Regular exercise that includes general fitness, such as walking, swimming, or running, helps keep the spine flexible and strong. It is crucial to use correct techniques when lifting heavy objects, avoiding awkward movements or twists. Maintaining a healthy weight reduces stress on the spinal discs, and quitting smoking is essential because nicotine can weaken disc tissue.
Being mindful of back posture, especially during repetitive movements or while sitting for extended periods, further reduces risk. There is no single guaranteed preventive method, but an active and healthy lifestyle is the best overall strategy.
Any lifestyle/home remedies to cure a slipped disc?
Most slipped discs improve without surgical intervention and can often be managed at home with conservative measures. Resting for short periods, applying hot or cold packs, and gentle stretching can offer symptom relief. Engaging in regular but low-impact physical activity, such as walking or swimming, helps maintain mobility without straining the back excessively. Over-the-counter pain relievers and prescribed physiotherapy exercises support healing. Postural corrections, ergonomic improvements at work or home, and weight management further assist recovery.
However, self-care should not substitute professional advice if symptoms persist or worsen, as targeted treatments may be necessary.
When should one visit a doctor?
Medical attention should be sought if the pain does not improve after a few weeks, if painkillers are ineffective, or if symptoms affect daily activities. Severe warning signs such as numbness around the genital area, loss of bladder or bowel control, progressive weakness, or inability to walk warrant urgent evaluation. Repeated episodes, relentless pain, or symptoms like significant muscle weakness and unexplained weight loss also require prompt assessment. Early medical intervention can prevent long-term complications and is particularly important if the symptoms are severe, worsening, or accompanied by any neurologic deficits.