Given the global push towards sustainability and green initiatives, there is growing anticipation about the extent to which the annual budget this year will commit to making Indian Railways more eco-friendly. India’s rail network is one of the world’s largest growing rail networks and there is no doubt that its shift towards greener practices could have significant environmental and economic implications. So naturally, Budget 2024 could play a big role in this aspect.
Why is there a need for Green Railways?
Indian Railways is a major consumer of energy, with diesel and electricity being the primary sources. The shift towards sustainability is not just a global trend but a necessity for India, which is grappling with pollution and environmental degradation. Green initiatives in the Railway sector can lead to substantial reductions in greenhouse gas emissions, energy consumption, and pollution levels. Considering this, the Indian Railways, as of April 1, 2024, has electrified 96% of its network.
Here is a table summarising the state-wise electrified railway network (RKM) as of April 1, 2024:
| SN | State | Total BG RKM | Electrified BG RKM upto 31.03.2024 | % Electrified |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Andhra Pradesh | 3,841 | 3,841 | 100% |
| 2 | Bihar | 3,768 | 3,768 | 100% |
| 3 | Chandigarh | 16 | 16 | 100% |
| 4 | Chhattisgarh | 1,253 | 1,253 | 100% |
| 5 | Delhi | 183 | 183 | 100% |
| 6 | Haryana | 1,769 | 1,769 | 100% |
| 7 | Himachal Pradesh | 67 | 67 | 100% |
| 8 | J&K | 350 | 350 | 100% |
| 9 | Jharkhand | 2,558 | 2,558 | 100% |
| 10 | Kerala | 1,046 | 1,046 | 100% |
| 11 | Madhya Pradesh | 4,911 | 4,911 | 100% |
| 12 | Maharashtra | 5,742 | 5,742 | 100% |
| 13 | Meghalaya | 9 | 9 | 100% |
| 14 | Nagaland | 11 | 11 | 100% |
| 15 | Odisha | 2,866 | 2,866 | 100% |
| 16 | Puducherry | 21 | 21 | 100% |
| 17 | Punjab | 2,288 | 2,288 | 100% |
| 18 | Tamil Nadu | 3,659 | 3,659 | 100% |
| 19 | Telangana | 1,923 | 1,923 | 100% |
| 20 | Uttar Pradesh | 8,541 | 8,541 | 100% |
| 21 | Uttarakhand | 347 | 347 | 100% |
| 22 | West Bengal | 4,016 | 3,906 | 97% |
| 23 | Karnataka | 3,615 | 3,427 | 95% |
| 24 | Gujarat | 4,087 | 3,830 | 94% |
| 25 | Rajasthan | 5,961 | 5,565 | 93% |
| 26 | Goa | 186 | 164 | 88% |
| 27 | Tripura | 267 | 153 | 57% |
| 28 | Assam | 2,533 | 1,242 | 49% |
| 29 | Arunachal Pradesh | 12 | – | 0% |
| 30 | Manipur | 13 | – | 0% |
| 31 | Mizoram | 2 | – | 0% |
| 32 | Sikkim | – | – | 0% |
| Total | 65,861 | 63,456 | 96% |
Indian railways ‘ past initiatives and current status
In recent years, the government has made several strides towards pushing the green side of the railways. Initiatives like the installation of solar panels at railway stations, electrification of tracks, and promoting energy-efficient trains have set the groundwork. The Railways’ commitment to achieving 100% electrification is a significant milestone. However, the real test lies in expanding these initiatives and introducing new ones to make a tangible impact. And for that, a significant financial assistance would be rquired to be allocated for this purpose.
Expectations from Budget 2024
Budget 2024 is expected to be a turning point for the Indian Railways’ sustainability journey. Here are some key areas where the budget could make a difference:
Increased Funding for Electrification:
The completion of 100% electrification is crucial. Additional funding can accelerate this process, ensuring that more trains run on electricity rather than diesel, thus reducing emissions.
Expansion of Solar Power Initiatives:
More investments in solar panels for stations and trains can harness India’s abundant solar energy. This includes expanding rooftop solar installations and integrating solar power into the train’s operational systems.
Development of Hydrogen and Biofuel Trains:
Research and development in alternative fuel trains, such as hydrogen-powered or biofuel trains, can revolutionize the sector. More Budget allocations for pilot projects and technological advancements in this area could pave the way for cleaner rail travel.
Modernization of Rail Infrastructure:
Upgrading tracks, signals, and stations with green technologies can reduce energy consumption and enhance efficiency. This includes energy-efficient lighting, rainwater harvesting systems, and sustainable building materials for new constructions.
Promotion of Green Freight Corridors:
Dedicated freight corridors designed with sustainability in mind can reduce the carbon footprint of goods transportation. Investments in such projects can make freight movement more efficient and environmentally friendly.
Technological Advancements:
Continuous innovation and adaptation are necessary to keep up with global standards. Developing and adopting new technologies requires time, expertise and of course, the budget.
The commitment to sustainability in Budget 2024 will not only determine the future trajectory of Indian Railways but also set a precedent for other sectors. A green railway network aligns with India’s broader goals of reducing carbon emissions and promoting sustainable development. If Budget 2024 delivers on these expectations, it could transform Indian Railways into a model of sustainability, contributing significantly to the country’s environmental goals while ensuring efficient and eco-friendly transportation for millions. As the world watches, the upcoming budget could very well be a landmark moment in India’s green journey.