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: PAT divided by the number of outstanding equity shares.

Debt includes all long-term loans, including debentures, plus installment credit. Thus the debt-equity ratio refers to debt divided by net worth. Return on sales is PAT as a percentage of net sales, while the return on assets is gross profit as a percentage of assets.

The return on net worth (RONW) represents PAT as a percentage of net worth.

OPM represents operating profit as a percentage of net sales.

Caveats and limitations

* While the overall sales rankings have been made on the basis of the available universe of private and public sector quoted companies, the other rankings (assets, net worth, gross profit, market capitalisation, composite, etc) are restricted to the FE 500.

* Every attempt has been made to make all figures comparable and compatible with our definitions. All the related data has been taken from the respective balance sheets only.

* Twenty-three companies changed their accounting period during 2006-07. They are: ACC, Ambuja Cements, Areva T&D (I), Balrampur Chini, Bosch Chassis Systems (I), Blue Dart Express, Clariant Chemicals (I), Deccan Aviation, Escorts, Federal-Mogul Goetze(I), Gammon(I), GTL, GHCL, Gujarat NRE Coke, Gillette, Hindustan Motors, JMC Projects (I), Madras Aluminium Co, Mangalam Cement, Samtel Color, Spicejet, SPIC, and Videocon Inds.

* Wherever accounting periods have been less or more than 12 months, sales, operating profit, gross profits, PBT, PAT, and retained profit figures have been annualised. The only exception from this general rule is net worth and assets.

* Some big companies could not be included in the study because balance sheets and profit and loss accounts were not available. These companies are: Ashima, Ind Swift Lab, Lanxess ABS, Modipon Narmada Chemateur, Rathi Ispat, Simbholi Sugar, Vallabh Steel, Wartsila, Facor Steel, Elgi Equipment, Mcleod Russel, Monsanto, Nitco Tiles, REI Agro, Teledata Informatic, Vishal Export, J B Chemicals, SRB Steel, Indo Rama Textiles, Syngenta, and Arvind Mills.

* Some companies changed their names during the year. These are, with the new names in brackets: Grindwell Norton (Saint Gobain), Mind Tree Consulting (Mind Tree Consultants), Madhya Pradesh Glychem (Anik Inds), Mahavir Spg (Vardhman Textiles), MICO (Bosch), Raipur Alloys &Steel (Sarda Energy &Min), Simplex Concrete (Simplex Infra), Kalyani Brakes (Bosch Chassis Sys (I)), Jai Balaji Sponge (Jaibala Ind), Maruti Udyog (Maruti Suzuki(I)), Pentium Infotech (Platinum Corporation), Videocon Communications (Trend Electronics) , Flex Inds (Uflex), and Toubro Infotech & Inds (Alchemist).